February 3
February 3 is the day on our calendar where Aussies are hand-passed the commemoration of the
first organised game of Australian Rules football. It all happened on this day in 1858.
In the winter of 1858 students from Scotch College and Melbourne Grammar competed against each other in several games of football. These matches are credited as the first organised games of Australian Rules football.
The following year a set of rules was drawn up and regular games became a feature in the parks around Melbourne. By the 1870s crowds of 10,000 people were attending games at the Melbourne Cricket Ground to watch this uniquely Australian game.
Australian Rules football evolved in Melbourne in the mid-19th century. An Aboriginal game known as marngrook and Gaelic football, played in Ireland, have been cited as inspiration but the game was mainly based on football played in English public (this is, private) schools. Transported to the parklands of Melbourne, the game was shaped by the vast open spaces and the men who played it.
In England, the rules of football differed from one school to the next and when playing outside of their school, teams had to agree on which rules to follow. At Cambridge University in 1848, a common set of rules was established that drew from five schools – Harrow, Eton, Rugby, Winchester and Shrewsbury.
In colonial Melbourne, the same issues arose. Football games were chaotic and often lengthy negotiations over rules were required before play could begin. It became apparent that some formal rules were necessary.
In May 1859, Thomas Wentworth Wills, a renowned cricketer and the greatest proponent of the new game, was one of seven members of the Melbourne Cricket Club who established a set of rules.
Several of the group had studied at Cambridge so they likely had experience of playing a hybrid form of football. They were willing to compromise and, as a result, the game that emerged was not bound by tradition. In many ways, the new sport reflected the aspirations of colonial Melbourne where class mattered less than skill, pluck and endeavour.
The rules included:
- handling of the ball at any time
- that the player with the ball could only run as far as was needed to kick the ball;
- that a player who caught (marked) the ball cleanly from a kick could take a free kick
- that throwing the ball was banned
- that an opponent could not be held if he did not have possession of the ball.
In the following decade, several amendments were made so that:
- players could run with the ball if they bounced it or touched it on the ground every five or six yards
- the ball had to be kicked through the goal, rather than carried through as it was in rugby
- players were penalised if they held the ball when tackled.
By the 1870s football was well established in Melbourne. Clubs formed around suburbs, hotels, churches, schools and workplaces, and in a society of recently-arrived immigrants, provided a sense of belonging and community.
Games began to be played regularly and an unofficial system of senior and junior clubs emerged. The starting time for senior games was soon fixed at 3pm on a Saturday afternoon, enabling some manual labourers to play.
Players and spectators represented the full gamut of Melbourne society. The games were still played on open parkland, there were no admission fees and crowds of 2,000 to 3,000 spectators regularly gathered to watch. Women too were regular attendees, parading in their finery around the playing area.
However, the rising popularity of the game was making it increasingly chaotic. Enthusiastic spectators encroached onto the field and disrupted the game, sometimes intentionally.
In 1869 two matches were played on the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG). One took place between Melbourne and the Victorian Police Force, the other between Melbourne and the 14th Regiment.
Cricket clubs had refused regular requests to allow footballers onto their grounds on the basis that the unruly players and spectators would ruin the turf. Unfortunately, those first games at the MCG did nothing to convince them otherwise. Football was again banished to the parks.
In Carlton in 1876 the football club fenced off a new ground and smoothed it out. An admission fee was introduced to cover costs and, although it was largely resented by spectators, 5,000 paid to watch Carlton play Melbourne.
It became clear to cricket clubs that money could be made this way. Around the city, and particularly in country towns, football moved onto cricket grounds and the game evolved from being played on a roughly rectangular field, to being played on an oval.
Paying spectators also pushed for changes to the game, demanding better organisation of matches and more entertaining play.
The Victorian Football Association (VFA) formed in May 1877 comprising delegates from all levels of the game – senior, junior and country clubs. Its brief was to supervise all matters relating to football including revising the rules, resolving disputes, and providing umpires for the bigger games. It was also responsible for the promotion of the game and the organisation of intercolonial matches.
And our Aussies love their football, whatever the code. These days, there are 18 teams in the Australian Football League. These teams are based across five Australian states, with a heavy concentration in Victoria (nine teams in Melbourne, one in regional Victoria). A 19th team, Tasmania, is scheduled to join the league in 2028.
Fun Fact about AFL:
- These days, AFL footy is played in various countries, including Denmark, Sweden, the USA, South Africa, and Canada (with a version in Ireland) – not just limited to Australia. Long live Aussie expats overseas.
- Once a game was stopped when a pig went loose on the Sydney Cricket Ground in 1993. After almost three minutes of running and chasing, the pig was finally caught by a Sydney Swans player. The game continued afterwards as usual.
"The Saints have had more five-year plans than Fidel Castro."
"Failure is feedback."
"The meek may inherit the earth - but they will never win games of football."
"He’s been doing it all day!"
